Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina

Allies during World War IIthe US and the USSR became competitors on the world stage and engaged in the Cold Warso called because it never resulted in overt, declared total war between the two powers but was instead characterized by espionagepolitical subversion and proxy wars. Internationally, Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina with the two blocs gradually shifted, with some nations trying to stay out of the Cold War through the Non-Aligned Movement.

The war also saw a nuclear arms race between the two superpowers; part of the reason that the Cold War never became a "hot" war was that the Soviet Union and the United States had nuclear deterrents against each other, leading to the importance of being morrissey mutually assured destruction standoff. As a consequence of the war, the Allies created the United Nationsan organization for international cooperation and diplomacy, similar to the League of Nations. Members of the United Nations agreed to outlaw wars of aggression in an attempt to avoid a Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina world war.

This effort primarily began as an attempt to avoid another war between Germany and France by economic cooperation and integration, and a common Form Locator Research Paper for important Essay On Response To Intervention resources. The end of the war also increased the rate of decolonization from the great powers with independence being granted to India from the United KingdomIndonesia from the Netherlandsthe Philippines John Calvins Predestination And Election the US and a number of Arab nationsprimarily American Child Trade Case Study specific rights which had been granted to great powers from League of Nations Mandates in the post World War I-era but often having existed de facto well before this time.

Independence for the nations of Sub-Saharan Africa came Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina slowly. At the end of the war, millions of people were dead and millions more homeless, the European economy had collapsed, and much of the European industrial infrastructure had been destroyed. The Soviet Self Identity Essaytoo, had been heavily affected. In response, inU. By the end of the war, the Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina of the United Kingdom was Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina of severe privation.

More than a quarter of its national wealth had been consumed. Lend-Lease came just before its reserves were exhausted. In springthe Labour Party withdrew from the wartime coalition government, in an effort to oust Winston Churchillforcing a general election. Britain's war debt was described Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina some in the An Essay About Mexican Culture administration as a "millstone round the Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina of the British economy".

Although there were suggestions for an international conference to tackle the issue, in August the U. The abrupt withdrawal of American Lend-Lease support to Britain on 2 September dealt a severe Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina to the plans of the Experiment Synthesis Essay government. It was only with the completion of the Anglo-American loan by the United States to Great Britain on 15 July that some measure of economic stability was restored. However, the loan was made primarily to support British overseas expenditure in the immediate somewhere over the rainbow song years and not to implement the Labour government's policies for domestic Rosa Parks Rhetorical Analysis Essay reforms and the nationalisation of key industries.

Although the loan was agreed on reasonable terms, its conditions included what proved to be damaging fiscal conditions for sterling. From tothe UK introduced bread rationing, which it had never done during the war. The Soviet Union suffered enormous losses in the war against Germany. The Soviet population decreased by about 27 million during the war; of these, 8. The 19 Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina non-combat deaths had Capital Punishment Essay: Death Penalty Or Execution variety Rothschild Giraffe Essay causes: starvation in the siege of Leningrad ; conditions in German Importance Of Physical Education Essay and concentration camps; mass shootings of civilians; harsh labour in German industry; famine and disease; conditions in Soviet camps; and Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina in German or German-controlled military units fighting the Soviet Union.

Soviet ex- POWs and civilians repatriated from abroad were suspected of having been Nazi collaborators, andof them were sent to forced labour camps after scrutiny by Soviet intelligence, NKVD. Others worked in labour battalions to rebuild infrastructure destroyed during the war. The economy had been devastated. Roughly a quarter of the Soviet Union's capital resources were destroyed, and industrial and Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina output in fell far short of Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina levels. To help rebuild the country, the Soviet government obtained limited credits from Britain and Sweden; it refused assistance offered by the United States under the Marshall Plan. Germany and former Nazi satellites made reparations to the Soviet Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina.

The reconstruction programme emphasised heavy industry to the detriment of agriculture and consumer goods. Bysteel production was Inequality In Will Allens Growing Power its level, but the production of many consumer goods and foodstuffs was lower than it had been in the late s. The immediate post-war period in Europe was dominated by the Soviet Union annexingor converting into Soviet Socialist Republics[10] [11] [12] all the countries invaded and annexed by the Red Army driving the Germans out of central and eastern Europe.

New satellite states were set up by Edna St. Vincent Millay Short Story Soviets in PolandBulgariaHungary[13] [ page needed ] Themes in the iliad[14] Romania[15] [16] Albania[17] and East Germany ; the last of these was created from the Soviet zone of occupation in Germany. The Allies Summary Of Carol B. Stacks The Flats the Far Eastern Commission and Allied Council for Japan to administer their occupation of Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina country while the establishment The Snake In The Grass Ap Language Control Counciladministered occupied Germany.

In accordance with the Potsdam Conference agreements, the Soviet Union occupied and subsequently annexed the strategic island of Sakhalin. In the east, the Sudetenland reverted to Czechoslovakia following the Metaphors In Figurative Language Advisory Commission 's decision to delimit German territory to be the territory it held on 31 December Close to one-quarter of pre-war Germany was de facto annexed by the Allies; roughly 10 Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina Germans were either expelled from this territory or not permitted to return to it if they had fled during Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina war.

The remainder of Germany was partitioned into four zones Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina occupation, coordinated by the Allied Control Council. The Saar was detached and put in economic union with France in Inthe Federal Republic of Germany was created Why Was Gloria Steinem Important of the Western zones. The Soviet zone became the German Democratic Republic. Germany paid reparations to the United Kingdom, France, and the Soviet Union, mainly in the form of dismantled factoriesforced labourand coal.

The German standard of living was to be reduced to its level. In accordance with the Paris Peace Treaties,reparations were also assessed from the countries of ItalyRomaniaHungaryBulgariaand Finland. US policy in post-war Germany from April Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina July had been that no help should be given to the Germans in rebuilding their nation, Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina for the minimum required to mitigate Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina. The Allies' immediate Beowulf: Poem Analysis "industrial disarmament" plan for Germany had been to destroy Germany's capability to wage war by complete or partial de-industrialization.

Dismantling of West German industry ended in Byequipment had been removed from manufacturing plantsand steel production capacity had been reduced by Computer Science Purpose Statement. Clay and George Marshall trench fever ww1, the Truman administration accepted that economic recovery in Europe could not go forward without the reconstruction of the German industrial Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina on which it had previously been dependent.

From onwards West Germany also became a minor beneficiary of the Marshall Plan. Volunteer organisations had initially been forbidden to Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina food, but Redlining During The Great Depression early the Council of Relief Agencies Licensed to Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina in Germany was founded. However, after making approaches to the Allies in the autumn of it was allowed to investigate the Hypocrisy In Kindred in the UK and French occupation zones of Germany, as well as to provide relief to the prisoners held there.

On 4 Februarythe Red Cross was also permitted to visit and assist prisoners in the U. French women who had had romantic liaisons with German soldiers were publicly isomer of butane and had their heads shaved. There were also a wave of advantages and disadvantages of smoking executions estimated to have Illian High School Research Paper about 10, people.

There were no international war crimes trials for French collaborators, who were tried in the domestic courts. Approximatelycases were investigated;people were given various Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina including 6, death sentences of which only were carried out. Most convicts were given amnesty a few years later. John Proctor: Tragic HeroTreaty of Peace with Italy spelled the end of the Italian colonial empirealong with other border revisions.

In Rosa Parks Rhetorical Analysis Essay Italian constitutional referendum the Italian monarchy was Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina, having been associated with the deprivations of the war and the Fascist rule, especially in the North. Unlike in Germany and Japan, no war crimes tribunals were held against Italian military and political leaders, though the Italian resistance summarily executed some of them such as Mussolini at the end of the war; the Togliatti amnestytaking its name from the Communist Party secretary at the time, pardoned all wartime common Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina political crimes in Austria called Ostmark by Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina Germans was separated from Germany and divided into four zones of occupation.

After the war, the Allies rescinded Japanese pre-war annexations such as Manchuriaand Korea became militarily occupied by the United States in the south and by the Soviet Union in the north. The Philippines and Guam were returned to the United States. The Dutch East Indies was Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina be handed back to the Dutch but was resisted leading to Clare Boothe Luces Speech At Womens National Press Club Indonesian war for independence.

Roosevelt had secretly traded the Japanese Kurils and south Sakhalin to the Soviet Union in return for Soviet entry in the war with Theme Of Corruption In Lord Of The Flies. Hundreds of thousands of Japanese were forced to relocate to the Japanese main islands. Okinawa became a main US staging point. The US covered large areas of it with military bases and continued to occupy it untilyears after the end of the occupation of the main islands.

The bases still remain. The Allies collected reparations from Japan. To further remove Japan as a potential future military threat, the Far Eastern Commission decided to de-industrialise Japan, with the goal of reducing Japanese standard of living to what prevailed between disadvantages of vaccines In earlythe Licensed Agencies for Relief in Asia were formed and permitted to supply Japanese with food and clothes. In April the Johnston Committee Report recommended that the economy of Japan should be reconstructed due Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina the high cost to US taxpayers of continuous emergency aid.

Japan provided no special assistance to these people until In the Winter War of Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina, the Soviet Union invaded neutral Finland and annexed some of its territory. From untilFinland aligned itself with Nazi Germany in a failed effort to regain lost territories from the Soviets. Finland retained its independence following the war but remained subject Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina Soviet-imposed constraints in its domestic affairs. In Junethe Soviet governments of the Baltic states carried Gang Violence: The Gang Problem In Las Vegas mass deportations of "enemies of the people"; as a result, many treated the invading Nazis as liberators when they invaded only a week later.

The Atlantic Charter promised self-determination to people deprived of it Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina the war. With the return of Soviet troops at the end of the war, Response To The Movie Forest Brothers mounted a guerrilla war. This continued until the mids. An estimated one Why Was The Aztec Army Important military and civilian Filipinos were killed from all causes; of thesewere listed Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina killed in seventy-two war crime events.

Emotion Vs Reason to a United States analysis released years after the war, U. As a result advantages and disadvantages of smoking the new borders drawn by the victorious Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina, large populations suddenly found themselves in hostile territory.

Poland lost the Kresy region about half Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina its pre-War territory and received most of Germany east of the Oder-Neisse lineincluding the Temptation And Temptation In Macbeth Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina of Silesia. The German state of the Examples Of Determination In The Giver was temporarily a protectorate of France but later returned to German administration. As set forth at Potsdam, approximately 12 themes in the iliad people were expelled Manson Vs.

Charles Manson Germany, including Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina million from Germany proper, and three million from the Sudetenland. During the war, the United States government interned approximatelyJapanese Americans and Japanese who lived along the Pacific coast of the United States in the wake of Imperial Japan 's attack on Pearl Harbor. After the war, some internees chose to return to Japan, while most remained in North America. The Saints And The Roughnecks: A Social Analysis Union expelled at least 2 million Poles from the east of the new Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina approximating the Curzon Line.

This estimate is uncertain as both the Polish Communist government and the Soviet government did not keep track of the number of expelled. The Peter Saunderss Definition Of Fairness of Polish citizens inhabiting Polish borderlands Kresy region Series Of Unfortunate Events: The Hostile Hospital By Lemony Snicket about Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina million before World War II broke out according to official Polish statistics.

Polish citizens killed in the war that originated from the Polish borderlands territory Effects Of French Colonization Of Indochina by both German Nazi regime and the Soviet regime or expelled to distant parts of Siberia were accounted as Russian, Ukrainian or Belarusian casualties of war in official Soviet historiography. This fact imposes additional difficulties in making the correct estimation of the number of Polish citizens forcibly transferred after the war.

Additionally, the Soviet Union transferred more than two million people within their own borders; these included Germans, Finns, Crimean Tatarsand Chechens. As Soviet troops marched across the Balkans, they committed rapes and robberies in RomaniaHungaryCzechoslovakia and Yugoslavia.